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How Evidence Works When Multiple Issues Exist – Order 18 Rule 3 CPC

  1. Original Section : "Where there are several issues, the burden of proving some of which lies on the other party, the party beginning may, at his option, either produce his evidence on those issues or reserve it by way of answer to the evidence produced by the other party; and, in the latter case, the party beginning may produce evidence on those issues after the other party has produced all his evidence, and the other party may then reply specially on the evidence so produced by the party beginning; but the party beginning will then be entitled to reply generally on the whole case." 2.Explanation This rule is about  how evidence should be presented when a case has multiple issues , and both parties carry the burden of proving different issues. - The party who  opens the case (usually the plaintiff)  has two choices: Produce evidence on all issues right away  (both his own issues and those where the burden is on the other party), OR Hold back evidence on iss...
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Section 89 CPC Explained: How Courts Push for Settlement Outside Court: by Advocate Nedunuri Raghu

  Section 89 of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (CPC)  — one of the most debated provisions because it opened the gates for  Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR)  in India. Let’s break it down in a way that’s  exam-friendly  for you as an advocate, and also easy for a layperson to understand.   Section 89 CPC – Settlement of disputes outside the Court 1. Simplified Original Text If the court feels there’s a chance of settlement between parties, it should: Draft possible settlement terms, share them with parties, Get their feedback, reformulate if needed, And then refer the dispute to one of the following ADR methods: Arbitration Conciliation Judicial settlement (including Lok Adalat) Mediation Depending on which forum is chosen: Arbitration/Conciliation  →  Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996  applies. Lok Adalat  →  Legal Services Authorities Act, 1987  applies. Judicial Settlement  → Treated as Lok Adalat under...
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